https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/issue/feed 2025-03-25T16:52:54+00:00 Álvaro Lefio revistasp@med.uchile.cl Open Journal Systems Public health; Medicine; Chile; Journal https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78233 2025-03-25T13:57:14+00:00 Jadwiga E. Pieper Mooney jadwiga@arizona.edu 2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78234 2025-03-25T14:15:38+00:00 Sandra Palestro Contreras redcontraviolencia@gmail.com

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2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78235 2025-03-25T14:29:20+00:00 Tania Alfaro tmalfaro@gmail.com Ximena Sgombich xsgombich@gmail.com 2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78236 2025-03-25T14:37:22+00:00 Yuri Carvajal yuri.carvajalb@redsalud.gob.cl 2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78237 2025-03-25T14:49:20+00:00 Jadwiga E. Pieper Mooney jadwiga@arizona.edu

Tegualda Monreal Porcile (1917-2012) was an epidemiologist with exceptional commitment to public health and women’s reproductive health and rights. She left a legacy that informed health policies in Chile even into the 21st century, evident in the 3-cause abortion law that was passed in 2018. She completed her studies to obtain a medical degree in 1944 and retired from her last job as an epidemiologist at the Western Metropolitan Health Service in 2006. Her professional engagement in Chile was interrupted by the military coup of 1973; therefore, she moved first to the United States, then to Mozambique, and back to Chile in 1990. As we follow Tegualda Monreal’s career path, we can document the important contributions she made in the fields of critical epidemiology, in the treatment of specific health problems such as abortion, and in the lives of patients seeking to make important decisions about family size and voluntary motherhood. Furthermore, her life serves as a reminder of the dramatic changes that affected doctors under the military dictatorship. The same public health professionals who worked to improve the public health and social environment of their patients in Chile were persecuted after the military coup. Many, like Monreal, had to leave their homes to go into exile abroad. We seek to emphasize the specific contributions Tegualda Monreal made to the epidemiology of abortion. Together with Rolando Armijo and other health experts of the time, she pioneered an innovative approach to the problem of induced abortion and maternal mortality when they investigated and published for the first time about what they called the “abortion epidemic” in the early 1960s. Their studies on induced abortion demonstrate two related points: first, the field of critical or social epidemiology was significantly shaped by Latin American, and specifically Chilean, epidemiologists, who applied the results of their research and proposed health interventions to subjects of population planning. Secondly, by referring to the “abortion epidemic” they initiated a new approach to the problem. The treatment of abortion as an epidemic defined it as a social disease, based on the understanding that medical solutions to health crises had to be accompanied by measures that addressed the social and economic contexts of the disease.

2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78238 2025-03-25T15:00:28+00:00 Patricia Junge Cerda patricia.junge@uchile.cl

Reproductive health in general, and abortion in particular, are complex and extremely sensitive issues in Chilean society. Therapeutic abortion was allowed in Chile during the 20th century, until in 1989 it was banned and criminalized absolutely. Between 1989 and 2017, when the law that restored the right to terminate pregnancy on three specific grounds was enacted, it remained that way: clandestine, silenced and penalized. However, women continued to interrupt their pregnancies for diverse reasons. During this period, medical anthropologist Mónica Weisner Horowitz carried out systematic research on induced abortion among low-income women, creating a matrix for sociocultural analysis of the phenomenon, and spreading the results of her work in various spaces of analysis, discussion and decision-making. Thereby, she contributed to the understanding of the multifactorial and multidimensional complexity of induced abortion, from a transdisciplinary perspective in public health. The quantitative and qualitative results of her research constituted for decades part of the few data available on this phenomenon, since there were no official statistics or open spaces for visibility. Additionally, from her experience, she trained a generation of medical anthropologists, who today contribute from various spaces to a sociocultural approach to public health.

2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78239 2025-03-25T15:14:31+00:00 Antonio Infante Barros ainfantebarros@gmail.com Rodrigo Contreras Soto rodrigocontreras27@gmail.com 2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública https://revistateatro.uchile.cl/index.php/RCSP/article/view/78240 2025-03-25T15:23:37+00:00 Karen Alfaro Monsalve karen.alfaro@uach.cl

El siguiente artículo busca destacar la obra de María Angélica Illanes como una referente funda mental de la historiografía chilena, destacando sus contribuciones en el pensamiento y en el conocimiento histórico sobre la salud pública en Chile. Su trayectoria de investigación da cuenta del abordaje de la historia de la salud pública, como la búsqueda de la construcción del cuerpo social del país. Nos interesa destacar en este trabajo en primer lugar, las características de su narración histórica y la relevancia que tiene en sus obras la perspectiva de los derechos sociales. Junto con ello, abordamos las principales claves de análisis que permiten ubicar a su libro “En el Nombre del Pueblo, del Estado y de la Ciencia. Historia social de la salud pública. Chile, 1880-1973”, como un texto que restituye el problema de la salud pública como un campo privilegiado para compren der la construcción de la modernidad, del estado y del orden social.

2025-03-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Revista Chilena de Salud Pública